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Adjustment of Status: Your Complete Guide to Becoming a Green Card Holder Without Leaving the U.S.

 For many immigrants living in the United States, obtaining lawful permanent residency—commonly known as a Green Card—is a major milestone. One of the most efficient ways to achieve this status without having to leave the U.S. is through a process known as Adjustment of Status (AOS) . What Is Adjustment of Status? Adjustment of Status allows eligible non-citizens already present in the United States to apply for permanent residence without having to return to their home country to complete visa processing. It’s a vital path for spouses, children, parents of U.S. citizens, and many employment-based visa holders. This process is governed by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and is often chosen by individuals who have maintained lawful status and meet the criteria for an immigrant visa. Who Can Apply? To be eligible for Adjustment of Status, applicants must typically meet the following criteria: Be physically present in the United States. Have lawfully en...
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Tenant’s Guide to Security Deposit Laws in the U.S.

 Security deposits are one of the most misunderstood aspects of renting. While laws vary by state, most follow a similar pattern of protecting both landlords and tenants.

💵 What Is a Security Deposit?

A security deposit is money a tenant pays the landlord before moving in. It covers:

  • Unpaid rent

  • Damages beyond normal wear and tear

  • Cleaning costs if the unit is left excessively dirty

📏 Legal Limits on Deposit Amounts

Many states limit security deposits to one or two months' rent. For example:

  • California: Up to 2 months for unfurnished, 3 for furnished

  • New York: 1 month maximum for residential leases

  • Texas: No legal limit, but must be “reasonable”

Always check your state laws.

🧾 Landlord Obligations

Most states require landlords to:

  • Return the deposit within 14–30 days after move-out

  • Provide a written itemized list if any money is withheld

  • Keep the deposit in a separate account (in some states like Florida or Illinois)

If these steps aren’t followed, you may be entitled to double or triple damages in court.

🛠️ “Normal Wear and Tear” vs. Damages

Landlords cannot deduct for things like:

  • Faded paint

  • Loose doorknobs

  • Minor carpet wear

They can deduct for:

  • Holes in walls

  • Broken appliances

  • Pet damage or cigarette burns

Take photos when you move in and out to protect yourself.

⚖️ What to Do If Your Deposit Isn’t Returned

  1. Send a demand letter requesting the deposit

  2. File a complaint with your state housing agency

  3. Sue in small claims court (usually without a lawyer)

Most tenants win if they have documentation.

🔚 Final Tip

Know your rights before you move in—and protect yourself with a signed lease, photos, and a clear understanding of what’s allowed. Security deposits are refundable if you respect the property and the law.

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