Seeking asylum in the United States can offer safety and stability to those fleeing persecution in their home countries. If you fear harm due to your race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group, you may qualify for asylum under U.S. immigration law.
This guide walks you through the process of applying for asylum and what to expect.
Who Is Eligible for Asylum?
You must prove that you:
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Are physically present in the U.S. or at a port of entry
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Have suffered past persecution or fear future persecution
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Are unable or unwilling to return home because of that fear
You must file your asylum application within one year of entering the U.S., unless you qualify for an exception (such as changed circumstances or extraordinary conditions).
Step-by-Step Application Process
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Complete Form I-589 (Asylum Application)
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No filing fee required
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Can include spouse and children under 21 in the same application
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Submit Supporting Evidence
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Country condition reports
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Personal statements
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Witness affidavits
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Medical or police records if applicable
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Biometrics Appointment
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You'll be scheduled for fingerprinting at an Application Support Center.
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Interview or Immigration Court Hearing
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If you're not in removal proceedings, you’ll be interviewed by an asylum officer.
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If you are, your case goes before an immigration judge.
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Decision
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Approval grants you asylum status, a path to a green card, work authorization, and the ability to petition for family.
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Common Pitfalls to Avoid
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Missing the 1-year filing deadline
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Providing inconsistent information
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Failing to attend your appointments
Final Advice
Always consult with an immigration attorney or accredited representative before filing. Asylum law is complex, but with the right help, you can build a strong case.
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